Michael Thacker

“Investigating the evolution of consciousness through integrated symbolic, archaeological, and psychological research.”

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  • The Fundamental Issue of Atheism

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    The Fundamental Issue of Atheism

  • What Is The Nature of Sin?

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    Is the act of sin strictly a transgression of the commandments of God? Or is it something more complex to be examined and valued? Sin in both Hebrew and Greek mean to deviate from the way, or better put, the proper mode of being that constitutes and leads to a more qualitative life.

    The way is a balanced path between the dichotic manifestation of chaos and order in our life. And through the process of properly orienting ourselves towards an ideal mode of being, along with a sense of adaptability, we can help safeguard ourselves from deviating too much into one or the other extremes.

    This video is an excerpt from my previous study on God, and The Ideal Mode of Being: https://www.youtube.com/live/Tq7WRmNLqPE?si=118wYBl7gYenByoT

  • The Un-Dogmatization of The Christian Church

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    The dogmatic implications of Christianity beginning around 400 AD have set up a system of faith that is predicated upon increased stimulation, attendance, and oversimplification, among other things. This has dampened the overall influence of the church, and it has repelled many who have sought out to know the truth over a desire for comfort. We must un-dogmatize while teaching at deeper levels of analysis before we can increase the Church’s influence.

    -Michael Thacker

  • What Is The Great Tribulation?

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    The Great Tribulation- a term often used interchangeably with the seven years of Daniel, that some believe is initiated by the erection of the Abomination of Desolation. But what is this period of time, exactly? Is it a time of turmoil wherein a horned antichrist exalts himself to a place of world power and dominance, and where nations and cities are filled with filth and darkness? Most pastors and Christians alike are quick to jump to conclusions, representing an excellent use of left-hemisphere model projection. But what evidence is there scripturally and carnally that helps shed light on this issue?

    Time Frame

    In order to understand the Great Tribulation period, one must first examine the time frame in which the events are to occur. As mentioned previously, the seven years of Daniel are often used interchangeably with that of the Great Tribulation. And while they are conjoining events, they are separated by significant occurrences: one being that of the global peace treaty that initiates the seven years of Daniel, and the other being the Abomination of Desolation.

    ““And from the time that the daily sacrifice is taken away, and the abomination of desolation is set up, there shall be one thousand two hundred and ninety days.”

    Daniel 12:11 NKJV

    Christ Himself went on the clarify this distinguishing occurrence of events in Matthew 24:

    ““Therefore when you see the ‘abomination of desolation,’ spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place” (whoever reads, let him understand), For then there will be great tribulation, such as has not been since the beginning of the world until this time, no, nor ever shall be.”

    Matthew‬ ‭24‬:‭15‬, ‭21‬ ‭NKJV

    This significant divider is what separates the seven years of Daniel from the Great Tribulation. Not that the events do not occur in conjunction, but rather that the initiation of the seven years of Daniel takes place first followed by the initiation of the Great Tribulation transpiring at the mid-way point of the seven years, and thus bringing the timespan of the tribulation to a total of 1,290 days, or three and a half years. The erection of the Abomination of Desolation is also accompanied by the revealing of the Antichrist himself, too. The end of both the seven years of Daniel and the Great Tribulation period mark the end of days, and the second coming of Christ and the rapture event.

    Hell On Earth?

    Again, most pastors and Christians alike believe the Great Tribulation period to be a hostile and malevolent environment that is filled with wickedness. And although they would be correct, they are correct only in part. The environment will indeed be hostile and malevolent, but only to those that have not integrated themselves into the new world system.

    This new world system that will emerge, or is emerging already, is not and will not be what most have formulated within their minds-that is an malevolent and reprehensible enterprise led by a horned man-beast. The more likely scenario to transpire is a well to do, polite society that is all inclusive and diverse, according to the elite’s idea of what constitutes inclusivity and diversity, of course.

    ““Thus he said: ‘The fourth beast shall be A fourth kingdom on earth, Which shall be different from all other kingdoms, And shall devour the whole earth, Trample it and break it in pieces.”

    Daniel‬ ‭7‬:‭23‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    Smart cities will be a part of the layout of inhabits that have submitted themselves to this new social, global construct with chip implants and a cashless transactor set up throughout these dwellings. Entrance in and out of places of interest will require the wave of a hand or iris scan for identification verification. Anyone that has not been integrated into the new system by obtaining a digital identity will be barred from any and all amenities with some being forced into reeducation facilities, depending on the amount of resistance from the individual that is detained, to help reintegrate and assimilate them back into the new, polite societal system. Electric, autonomous vehicles will carry passengers from location to location as “clean energy” is the grids primary source of power. Many others will either choose to walk or bike to their desired location of interest, or they will take public transportation that, of course, will be driven by autonomous, electric power.

    As mentioned before, the system will bar those that do not adhere and accept this new system through the process of receiving a digital identification number and chip implant. Although, this discriminatory segregation will not only be for those that are not willing to accept, but will also be for those that do accept. A social credit score will be administered to all that receive a digital identification number and chip implant, and thereby those adherents will be monitored on all occasions wether it be at the office, bar, home, or elsewhere. And if, by any chance of a discrepancy were to occur, say that someone complains about the new system, or even simpler, exhibits any signs of defect such as smoking cigarettes, their social credit score will begin to decline which bars them from several amenities, even though they are integrated. And in some cases, these individuals will either be required to take a re-education course for proper training and integration purposes, or in severe cases, they will be shipped off to re-education camps where they will be completely retrained to fit back into the new polite system. And to say this sounds like science fiction, and of course it does, just take a look at modern day China for an example as to what is to come.

    “He causes all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hand or on their foreheads, and that no one may buy or sell except one who has the mark or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.”

    Revelation‬ ‭13‬:‭16‬-‭17‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    This new global system will appear attractive to many, and in some cases already observed as it is currently occurring with WorldCoin where millions are lining up without a second thought to get their iris’s scanned to obtain a digital ID and free digital currency, the acceptance factor is only to grow from here, especially among the younger generations. And not only will it appear attractive, but if you are one to say it is not, the ways of attraction of those kind will be accomplished through monetary attraction.

    For those with a bit of reluctance to accept this new system, the need for food, water and shelter will be the device of attraction that will lure them in. Since all will be barred from the essential amenities necessary for survival that do not adhere and accept, over time, not much I might add, will be necessary for the hungry to make their way in a beggar-like manner to accept and assimilate themselves and their families into this new system. In other words, other the strongest of faith and most equipped to survive outside the system will prevail.

    Peace, Safety, and The Second Coming of Christ

    A new global system that promotes diversity and inclusion; a place of peace and safety. That is the goal that is currently being promoted by both the UN and World Economic Forum. And according to their new global treaty that they are presenting in September, the next seven years are focused on exactly that: Peace and Security.

    “For when they say, “Peace and safety!” then sudden destruction comes upon them, as labor pains upon a pregnant woman. And they shall not escape.”

    I Thessalonians‬ ‭5‬:‭3‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    Could this be the treaty that initiates the 7 years of Daniel? Perhaps, but only time will reveal. If it is, one might ask, according to Paul, “does this imply that the next seven years will be followed by destruction and chaos, and thus contradicting your entire layout that you just presented?” No. The declaration of peace and safety that is followed by sudden destruction is in relation to the second coming of Christ, which takes place after the tribulation period and is in conjunction with the rapture of the church (for more information on the post-tribulation rapture click HERE).

    Conclusion

    The distinction between the conjoining events of the seven years of Daniel and the Great Tribulation are of crucial importance for the Christian. As was observed here, the seven years is initiated through a global peace treaty, perhaps even that which is soon to be implemented by the UN and WEF. And the Great Tribulation period is that which transpires at the mid point of the seven years of Daniel-that is the latter three and a half years of the last days. What then should we be searching for in regards to the Great Tribulation? The current formation and emerges of the systemized global order, and the integration of smart technology into this system is the proper starting point. From there, we must be sober to the emerging details embedded within this new global system that include the implementation of digital identification and chip implant requirements that may soon be here. We must strengthen ourselves in the faith, and prepare for what is to come through emergency preparation needs and spiritually. The fight will by no means be subtle, but rather we must be strong physically, psychologically, and spiritually in hopes that we may protect the church during these coming times. This from Peter is what is left for all that read this:

    “But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent heat; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up. Therefore, since all these things will be dissolved, what manner of persons ought you to be in holy conduct and godliness, looking for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be dissolved, being on fire, and the elements will melt with fervent heat? Nevertheless we, according to His promise, look for new heavens and a new earth in which righteousness dwells.”‬‬

    II Peter‬ ‭3‬:‭10‬-‭13‬ ‭NKJV

    -Michael Thacker

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  • The Adaptive Means of a Functional Common National Identity

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    Introduction

    The debate surrounding both the need and disposal of a common national identity has been exceptionally prominent, especially within the past few decades, and it is something to be celebrated on the right of the modern political sphere while at the same time something to be shunned by on the left. The right claims a necessity for preserving tradition through a common national identity with fear that it’s dismantling would lead to a chaotic upheaval of society itself. On the other hand, the left focuses on the motivation towards progress by replacing old systems of tradition with new ideas and ways of being. Whose perception of a common national identity is correct? Could it be that each opposing perceptional framework is both right and wrong at the same time? A thorough investigation into the history of tradition and progress can help shed light on the answer. And that answer appears to be found within the framework of an adaptive common national identity and common goal orientation among members of a particular nation that provides security, stability, and innovative progress for all involved.

    Arguments

    Since the dawn of humanity, beginning approximately six million years ago, a shared identity among hominid tribes has been essential for the survival of the individuals that constitute them. This cohesive participation among tribe adherents allowed greater food, water, and shelter access. These tribal groups often rewarded committed supporters while punishing and ostracizing defectors (Clark et al. 2019). Unfortunately, this adherence and devotion by tribal members can also motivate individuals to sacrifice sound reasoning and judgmental accuracy for group belonging and commitment (Kahan et al., 2017, as cited by Clark et al., 2019). This also leads to a particular bias that favors and supports the tribe’s interest while disregarding any information that conflicts with this interest. Over time, the tribe can become too authoritarian in nature and ultimately collapse under its stagnation.

    Although tribalism can indeed become biased, leading to a system of tyranny and stagnation, it does not necessarily have to. By seeking to preserve traditional behavioral patterns and systems of belief that work for the tribe and discarding those that do not over time while at the same time remaining open to novel ideas and modes of being that could potentially benefit the tribe, especially in the long-term, would lead to gradual adaptive progress that would not only uphold the society but advance it, too. An example of this can be found in the adaptive formation of the ancient society of Sumer. In its initial formation, individual tribes collaborated over time before merging into a single, more prominent tribe that made up the society of Sumer (Britannica, 2023). This adaptive ability to evolve tradition alongside progressive ideas to benefit the overarching tribal communities is the imperative function of a unified and functioning nation. Furthermore, this nation of Sumer thrived and survived for approximately 1,000 years due to this integral process of an adaptive common national identity. The ability to adapt to new ideas and modes of being while extracting specific utilitarian processes found within tradition can help sustain and vitalize a nation and the individuals that constitute it.

    Alongside the ability to adapt to new ideas while extracting essential and utilitarian elements of tradition is the necessity for a common goal and self-management among the nation’s citizens. A set of common goals and interests allows for the members of a particular nation to better adapt to novel ideas and one another, which produces more cohesion that leads to consistent, increased productivity for all involved. This was observed in a study by Hoek et al. on team member cohesiveness towards a common goal in healthcare. The clarity of goal setting and the implementation of self-management among the team members was marked by substantial increases in overall team performance (2018). Subsequently, when members of a team had goal ambiguity and lacked self-management, the results were negatively impacted. Members of a nation cohesively work together towards a particular goal, while each member is doing so in a self-manageable manner, thus partaking in a shared national identity and contributing to the whole of their society.

    Counterarguments

    Counterarguments proposed by the opposition to a common national identity are worth considering. The first argument is who or what will determine what is valuable and necessary to derive from underlying traditional values and new ideas? This determining factor can lead to an authoritarian state which benefits only those in power (Lindstaedt, 2023). The second argument concerns those that would constitute the out-group of a common national identity. How would one address the issue of discrimination against out-groups? If a common national identity is at the center of a nation, how can diversity through multiculturalism prosper (Falomir-Pichasto & Frederic, 2013)?

    Rebuttals

    In response to the first argument on the formation of authoritarian states, it is imperative that, in striving towards a shared national identity, cooperation and unification among individuals and the fields of study and industries that they constitute remain vigilant and consistent. Moreover, the fields of study and industries that help support the nation and its common agenda seek to communicate efficiently and effectively to help diminish any misunderstandings that would hinder cooperation between these systems and to help maintain progression coherence towards the goal of commonality rooted in functionality. And not only should this type of effective communication be pursued between industries and types of work, but it should also be instantiated within those industries from the top down and vice versa (Bucăţa &  Rizescu, 2017). The more individuals and the systems of function that they constitute cooperate and communicate efficiently and effectively, the more apt the whole of the nation will function efficiently and effectively towards the proper extraction of utilitarian traditional values, as well as the formation and implementation of progression ideas that benefit both the individual and society as a whole. This will allow for the inhibition of authoritarian regimes from forming at the top while allowing all voices to be heard cooperatively, conducive to the prospering of the surrounding society.

    The second argument of out-group discrimination can also be diminished through the previously mentioned necessity of effective communication between individuals and industries that make up society (Blaine & Brenchley, 2021). In addition to effective communication, developing an understanding on the part of each individual’s essential contribution to society is imperative to anti-discriminatory thoughts and behaviors. By understanding that diversity is essential for the functionality of society and the formation and integration of new ideas that ultimately enhance that particular society, the more willingness to accept and learn from out-group individuals on the part of the in-group participants. One study by Liu Tan et al. in 2019 found a potential association between exposure to foreign cultures and enhanced creativity. This study helps shed light on the necessity for practical cooperation and communication not only on the part of in-group individuals and industries but between out-group participants, too. The more individuals of both in-groups and out-groups communicate and learn from each other, the more efficiently the surrounding society will function, and enhanced means of integrative progression will be evident (OECD, 2020).

    Conclusion

    As humans evolved, we learned how to extract valuable and necessary information from traditional ideas while seeking to adapt to new environments through cooperative modes of communication and behavior. This unifying and adaptive evolutionary means of surviving and thriving is still relevant today as we seek to live in a globalized world. By unifying as a nation with a common goal in mind, while extracting essential data from traditional values and integrating them with new, profound ideas found within dialogue and cooperation between individuals and industries and between in-groups and out-groups, we may see an integrative and cooperative effort that results in increased stability along with increased productivity.

    References

    Blaine, B. E., Brenchley, K. J. M., (2021). Understanding The Psychology of Diversity. Sage Publications. 246-250. https://capella.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781544381091/epubcfi/6/2[%3Bvnd.vst.idref%3Dcover]!/4/2[cover-image]/2%4028:0

    Britannica, T. Editors of Encyclopaedia (2023, May 31). Sumer. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Sumer

    Bucăţa, G. &  Rizescu, M., (2017/03/01). The Role of Communication in Enhancing Work Effectiveness of an Organization. Land Forces Academy Review. 22 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316360042_The_Role_of_Communication_in_Enhancing_Work_Effectiveness_of_an_Organization

    Clark, Cory, Liu, Brittany, Winegard, Bo & Ditto, Peter, (2019/08/20). Tribalism Is Human Nature. Current Directions in Psychological Science 10.1177/0963721419862289 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333673884_Tribalism_Is_Human_Nature

    Juan M. Falomir-Pichastor, Natasha S. Frederic, (2013). The dark side of heterogeneous ingroup identities: National identification, perceived threat, and prejudice against immigrants, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 49, 1, 72-79, ISSN 0022-1031, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2012.08.016.

    Lindstaedt, N. (2023, June 20). authoritarianism. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/authoritarianism

    OECD (2020), “The impact of diversity: A review of the evidence”, in All Hands In? Making Diversity Work for All, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/5f8c1531-en.

    Van der Hoek, M., Groeneveld, S., & Kuipers, B. (2018). Goal Setting in Teams: Goal Clarity and Team Performance in the Public Sector. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 38(4), 472–493. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X16682815

  • Medical Cannabis: Should Addiction Treatment Facilities Utilize It?

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    Over the course of the past two decades, more half the country legalizing cannabis for both medical or recreational use, and rising along with this trend of legalization is the push for research into the potential benefits and utility that cannabis may provide. Thus far the research has revealed several areas of beneficial interests. In a Johnson and Wales University article, “7 Potential Health Benefits of Cannabis, benefits include blood pressure reduction (para. 4), anti-inflammatory agent (para. 5), relapse prevention among drug users (para. 6), anti-anxiety agent (para. 7), gastrointestinal disorder treatment (para. 8), seizure prevention (para. 9), and anti-cancer agent (Isles, C., 2021, para. 10). This range of benefits can help prevent and treat many disorders and diseases which plague our society today. Relapse prevention among drug users is one area in particular that is garnering some attention from addiction treatment centers, with some already implementing cannabis into their treatment programs, including places like The Heavenly Center and High Sobriety. The age-old notion of cannabis being a “gateway drug” is being challenged by the latest research that suggests cannabis should be classified as an “exit drug” that can be utilized to help reduce use of various harmful substances, including prescription drugs, alcohol, and other substances (Walsh, Z. et al., 2017, p. 21). With this being said, addiction treatment centers should consider offering their recovering client’s medical cannabis to ensure a greater chance of success by reducing cravings, mitigating withdrawal symptoms, and improving mood.

    The first area of examination is the reduction of cravings experienced by recovering addicts.  Cravings for the original drug of choice can be intense and are oftentimes one of the primary causes for relapse. According to the National Institute for Drug Abuse, causes for increased cravings are often triggered by stress related to family, work, and life, as well as illnesses such as chronic pain and anxiety (2018, p. 9). Moreover, these triggers are crucial to moderate in order to promote a successful journey to sobriety for the recovering addict. The statistics for relapse for post-recovery is between 40- 60% (p. 15), and this number is even higher among opiate addicts in abstinence-only facilities where up to 80% or more relapse (Wiese, B., & Wilson-Poe, A. R., 2018, p. 181). With such high rates of relapse, it is imperative that addiction treatment facilities provide recovering addicts with proper tools to help reduce the chances of relapse safely and in production. One systematic review published in the US Pharmacist titled “Medical Cannabis for Chronic Pain” found that studies reveal how cannabis helps treat pain through the activation of the CB1 and CB2 receptors found within the endocannabinoid system in our bodies that governs all other internal systems, including the nervous system, immune system, cardiovascular system, etc. The activation of these two receptors is primarily accomplished by the ingestion of two prominent cannabinoids found within the cannabis plant: THC and CBD. The study states, “Cannabis has been employed to treat pain based on its action on both CB1 and CB1 receptors. CB receptor agonists have been revealed to cause antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic effects by regulating neuronal and non–nervous system inflammatory activity” (p. 27). Moreover, a 2019 study published in the Journal of Pscyhoactive Drugs evaluated data from 1,000 individuals taking legalized cannabis in one state, and found that among the 65% of individuals using cannabis for pain, 80% found it was very or tremendously helpful. This led to 82% of these individuals being able to reduce, or halt, taking OTC pain medications and 88% being able to halt taking opioids (Terrie, Y., p. 28). Another study also revealed that medical cannabis use was associated with clinical improvements in pain, function, and quality of life with reductions in prescription drug use; 73% either ceased or decreased opioid consumption and 31% discontinued benzodiazepines (Greis, A, et al., 2021, para. 1). Cannabis has also been shown to reduce alcohol cravings by using CBD which can reduce stress-related alcohol consumption, withdrawal convulsions, and impulsive alcohol use, as well as reduce alcohol cravings (Dresden, D., 2023, para. 11). Moreover, other animal studies have revealed that using CBD can lower motivation to drink or seek out alcohol (para. 12). By utilizing cannabis in helping reduce cravings and mitigate triggers, recovering addicts can feel more confident in their chances of a successful recovery, helping support the case for cannabis utilization in addiction treatment centers program options.

    The reduction in cravings that cannabis provides is imperative for the overall success for the recovering addict; the easement of withdrawal symptoms is also a vital contributing factor in projecting a successful road to recovery. According to the American Addiction Center, common withdrawal symptoms include anxiety, depression, insomnia, fevers, pain, sweats, tremors, hallucinations, and seizures (Sharp, A., 2023, para 2). During recovery, the accompanying withdrawal symptoms can be severe, if not fatal in some cases. It is then of vital importance for addiction treatment facilities to monitor and treat patients accordingly in order to prevent any catastrophic circumstances that may either put the recovering individual on the road to relapse or even death (para 9). Several studies presented by Zach Walsh et al have suggested the potential therapeutic application of cannabis for treating anxiety by the calming effect of both THC and CBD and for treating depressive disorders, both of which are common symptoms among recovering addicts. CBD in particular has been shown to alleviate other withdrawal symptoms, including tremors, seizures, and hallucinations. This is accomplished due to the anticonvulsant, antipsychotic, and anti-hallucinogenic effects of CBD on the nervous system, as well as the calming effect found within the compound, too (2017, p. 22). In a 2018 study published in Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research titled “Emerging Evidence for Cannabis’ Role in Opioid Use Disorder”, revealed that numerous pre-clinical studies have shown that cannabis and cannabinoids found within the plant help decrease opioid withdrawal symptoms (Wiese, B., & Wilson-Poe, A. R. p. 182). Another study, “The Impact of Naturalistic Cannabis Use on Self-Reported Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms”, (2020) in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, revealed that among recovering opiate addicts, most participants stated that cannabis helped them with their withdrawal symptoms. Sixty-three percent of the respondents reported using cannabis to treat opioid withdrawal. Of those respondents, 72% reported cannabis improved opioid withdrawal, 6.4% reported cannabis worsened opioid withdrawal, and 20% reported cannabis improved some but worsened other opioid withdrawal symptoms (para. 10). Moreover, the days that they did not use cannabis to mitigate withdrawal symptoms, the severity of experienced withdrawals nearly increased twofold on those particular days, revealing the potential benefit and relief that cannabis provides for opiate recovery patients. Commonly improved symptoms included anxiety, trouble sleeping, and muscle/bone pains and aches (para. 12). Cannabis’ effectiveness in combating withdrawal symptoms among recovering addicts is of paramount importance in helping addicts overcome these severe and potentially fatal side effects of abstinence that again helps support the case for addiction recovery facilities integration of cannabis into their pre-existing recovery program.

    Cannabis helps reduce both cravings and experienced withdrawal symptoms and yet its potential does not end there. When it comes to a successful recovery, helping patients combat depression and insomnia, common symptoms experienced by drug and alcohol addicts, is of dire importance to help mitigate the chances of relapse (Sharp, A., 2023, para. 2). Depression can either be a withdrawal related onset symptom or a preexisting condition that helped prompt the consumer to indulge in the first place, either way it is important to help the recovering patient deal with the depressed symptoms accordingly. According to several studies found by Zach Walsh et al, both THC and CBD have been shown to help treat depressive disorders by producing a calming effect and improving overall mood (2017, p. 22). Another study published in The Journal of Neuroscience found that both preclinical and clinical studies state that “cannabis modulates mood and possesses antidepressant-like properties, mediated by the agonistic activity of cannabinoids on central CB1 receptors (CB1Rs)” (Bambico, F, et al. 2007, para. 1). Sleep, too, is imperative for recovery. it can be hindered by the onset of insomnia experienced by recovering addicts. Studies have shown that cannabis helps individuals who experience insomnia to fall asleep faster while achieving a better night’s rest. One study published in the Canadian Pharmacist Journal (2022) included a retrospective chart review that was conducted at Hybrid Pharm community pharmacy in Ottawa, Ontario, and included patients who were interested in, or already using, medical cannabis for sleep disorders. They used a qualitative, exploratory approach when evaluating the descriptive efficacy and safety of medical cannabis when prescribed for insomnia. Their results found that, at the time of data collection, 39% of patients could reduce or completely discontinue prescription medication for sleep. During follow-up, 71% reported a subjective improvement in their sleep (p. 175). By elevating mood and inducing qualitative sleep, cannabis again reveals its potential in helping treat recovering patients, and thus helping sustain a properly projected pathway to a successful road to full recovery that addiction treatment facilities should acknowledge.

    Proponents of opposing the implementation of cannabis within addiction treatment facilities claim that the dangers associated with cannabis use that includes its own propensity for addiction, withdrawal symptoms, the potential of encouraging relapse, and long-term negative effects are all of major concern. A research report published by the National Institute of Drug Abuse in 2021 revealed how cannabis can lead to a substance use disorder, and in severe cases can lead to addiction. This report also examined common withdrawal symptoms among those seeking to quit long term cannabis abuse that includes irritability, mood and sleep difficulties, decreased appetite, cravings, restlessness, and other forms of physical discomfort (para. 2). Moreover, since cannabis has the potential to become addictive and comes with its own onset of withdrawal symptoms, it then comes with the potential to instigate a recovering addict into relapse. In the same report in the section titled, “What are marijuana’s long-term effects on the brain?” it revealed that substantial evidence from animal research and a growing number of studies in humans indicate that marijuana exposure during development can cause long-term or possibly permanent adverse changes in the brain. One study exposed rats to THC before birth, soon after birth, or during adolescence, showing notable problems with specific learning and memory tasks later in life.Cognitive impairments in adult rats exposed to THC during adolescence were associated with structural and functional changes in the hippocampus region (para. 1). Although these counterarguments can appear daunting for addiction treatment facilities to combat, it is imperative that addiction treatment facilities delve into these arguments on a deeper level, and then weigh in the overall benefits and negatives to draw proper conclusions.

    Opponents to the utilization of cannabis make their case, and yet evidence contrary to their claims state otherwise. For instance, it is true that cannabis can become addictive in severe cases, while within the same report by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (2021), it reveals that the addictive population among users is only 9% (para.1). Moreover, these statistics are associated solely with long-term users, and thus the short-term usage that would be utilized in rehab diminishes the chances of developing an addiction to the plant. In relationship to combating cannabis withdrawal symptoms, of which are mild in comparison to the other substances of abuse that recovering addicts seek rehab for. Also, cannabis withdrawal symptoms typically subside in as little as two weeks or less, making a case for potential withdrawal experience of little concern (para. 2). As far as the case for the potential of cannabis instigating relapse, the major concern is that of anxiety provocation caused by THC, can be diminished by properly administering higher dosages of CBD which helps mitigate THC onset of anxiety (Gibson, L. et al., 2021, para. 1). Furthermore, just any type of treatment, by properly monitoring patients, healthcare providers at rehab facilities can properly assess patients’ reactions to the cannabis treatment as some may respond well while others may not, and make adjustments accordingly. In the case for the long-term negative effects of cannabis use, studies have shown that these negative effects are generally a result of long-term cannabis exposure and not the short-term exposure that would be experienced in addiction treatment facilities. And these effects are also reversible by simply abstaining from cannabis use for as little as 28 days (Walsh, Z., 2017, pp. 23-24). By taking these rebuttals into account and implementing them accordingly, addiction treatment facilities should have more confidence in their decision to integrate cannabis into their treatment program options.

    As research on the potential of cannabis continues to increase, the more acceptance of the plant in the public sphere it will garner. This acceptance, along with all of its potential benefits, should be of consideration for those in the medical field, including that of addiction treatment facilities. Cannabis has been shown to reduce cravings, combat withdrawal symptoms, and improve mood and sleep among recovering addicts with little to no side effects or long term negative effects, and thus making their transition from an addict to a success that much better. This improved, naturalistic transitional approach is imperative not only to the success of the individual recovering, but for the treatment facility seeking to facilitate the needs of the individual. By incorporating cannabis into addiction treatment facilities’ program options, success rates should increase which benefits ultimately benefits all of society in the end by reducing the potential of addiction and helping get people back on their feet and into society as fully functioning contributors to the whole.

    References

    Bergeria, C. L., Huhn, A. S., & Dunn, K. E. (2020). The impact of naturalistic cannabis use on self-reported opioid withdrawal. Journal of substance abuse treatment, 113, 108005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2020.108005

    Dresden, D. (2023). Using CBD to treat alcohol use disorder. Medical News Today. Retrieved May 10, 2023 from Using CBD to treat alcoholism in 2022 (medicalnewstoday.com)

    Francis Rodriguez Bambico, Noam Katz, Guy Debonnel and Gabriella Gobbi (2007). Cannabinoids Elicit Antidepressant-Like Behavior and Activate Serotonergic Neurons through the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Journal of Neuroscience. 27 (43) 11700-11711; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1636-07.2007

    Gibson, L. P., Karoly, H. C., Ellingson, J. M., Klawitter, J., Sempio, C., Squeri, J. E., Bryan, A. D., Bidwell, L. C., & Hutchison, K. E. (2022). Effects of cannabidiol in cannabis flower: Implications for harm reduction. Addiction biology, 27(1), e13092. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.13092

    Greis A, Larsen E, Liu C, Renslo B, Radakrishnan A, Wilson-Poe AR. Perceived Efficacy, Reduced Prescription Drug Use, and Minimal Side Effects of Cannabis in Patients with Chronic Orthopedic Pain. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2022 Dec;7(6):865-875. doi 10.1089/can.2021.0088. Epub 2021 Nov 12. PMID: 34767730; PMCID: PMC9784606.

    Isles, C., (2021). 7 potential health benefits of cannabis. Johnson & Wales University. Retrieved May 6, 2023 from 7 Potential Health Benefits of Cannabis | Johnson & Wales University (jwu.edu)

    NIDA (2018). Principles of drug addiction treatment: a research based guide. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (15). 675-principles-of-drug-addiction-treatment-a-research-based-guide-third-edition.pdf (nih.gov)

    NIDA. 2021, April 13. Is marijuana addictive? Retrieved May 9, 2023

    from https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana/marijuana-addictive on

    Sharp, Amelia (2023). Drug withdrawal symptoms, timeline, and treatment. American Addiction Centers. Retrieved May 10, 2023 from Drug Withdrawal Symptoms, Timelines, and Treatment (americanaddictioncenters.org)

    Terrie, Y. (2020). Medical cannabis for chronic pain. US Pharm.; 44(3):24-28. Retrieved May 8, 2023 from Medical Cannabis for Chronic Pain (uspharmacist.com)

    Vaillancourt, R., Gallagher, S., Cameron, J. D., & Dhalla, R. (2022). Cannabis use in patients with insomnia and sleep disorders: Retrospective chart review. Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC, 155(3), 175–180. https://doi.org/10.1177/17151635221089617

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    (2017). Medical cannabis and mental health: A guided systematic review. Clinical Psychology

    Review. 51, 15-29, ISSN 0272-7358, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.10.002.

    Wiese, B., & Wilson-Poe, A. R. (2018). Emerging Evidence for Cannabis’ Role in Opioid Use Disorder. Cannabis and cannabinoid research, 3(1), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2018.0022

  • Embarking on the Journey of Shadow Work

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    Belief systems orient both our perceptions and actions in the world. And thus the importance of understanding what your own underlying belief structure is can help you better understand how and why you perceive and act as you do. When one does this properly, they are better able to address issues embedded within their current belief structure, and by doing so they can then extract the unnecessary underlying information and exchange it with the updated information. When individuals dismiss this important step, they risk becoming a proponent of malevolent and corrupt forces that are to a certain degree, beyond their control.

    Underlying belief structures are bits of information that have been extracted from a particular environment, which is then formulated by the subconscious mind to see where the bits of new information can fit within the current belief structure. This process of integrating information into one’s current belief structure, that which often occurs in deep sleep, is received predominantly into the right hemisphere of the brain, and then gradually transferred into the left hemisphere where the current belief system is housed for storage.

    As we age, this underlying belief structure becomes more stable, and thus rigid in nature while often times disgust sensitive to any new outside information. And not only does can and does this rigidity occur as we age, but it also happens at a younger age through the process of reluctance and the elevation of the ego. This reluctance to new information often times leads to the individual becoming an ideologue, which is a stagnation of individual growth and development wherein the ideas embedded within the individual’s current belief structure begin to “possess” and essentially control the individual’s mode of being.

    Beyond the bits of information that make up the ideas within an individual’s inhabited belief structure, the next question to engage in is, what do the ideas represent? Ideas, to a lesser or greater extent, are theories or hypothesis. Sometimes they are theories if there is enough evidence to support the ideas to make it such. But often times they are mere hypothesis predicated upon preconceptions about the world from misinterpreted information gathered over time. This misinterpretation of the data is then formulated along with other preexisting ideas to form an incoherent perception of reality as such.

    This misinterpretation is seen predominantly within radicalized groups on both the right and left. Although a subtler representation can be found within the misconceptions in moderate groups, too. Misinterpretation of data often times causes individuals and the groups they make up to begin to misrepresent and criticize certain individuals and groups that differ from their construed belief system. Moreover, these same individuals and groups then justify reprehensible and malevolent behavior towards other differing groups by lowering the quality of being those opposing groups possess through labeling or classification.

    How does one keep from becoming an ideologue? By consciously observing their actions and behaviors, and seeing where they manifest themselves from. In Jungian psychology, this is called shadow work. This is where the individual engages with his or her thoughts, actions and behaviors that are deemed inappropriate or reprehensible, and then seeking to understand their specific location of emerges. Sometimes this can be past experiences that are rooted in trauma, or it can be a misinterpretation of information received from past experiences. For the latter, that which we are touched on thus far, can be found from various experiences, including events, books, TV, friends, family, etc.

    As the information was received, along with the surrounding environmental conditions, certain preconceptions, and particular emotional state at the time of the experience, all contribute to the state in which the information is received, interpreted, and stored. And with this stored misinterpreted information, a hypothesis is formed, contributing to the individual’s current belief system. This mislead belief system then orients and programs the individual to act out in certain ways that the belief system deems appropriate.

    When an individual embarks on the journey of shadow work and with it the deep examination of ideas, and then reassessing those ideas with both new and old information, they then harness the power to overcome ideological possession that ideas can cause. Moreover, this examination process not only protects one from becoming an ideologue, but it also helps develop character and critical thinking skills. The more conscious one becomes of their actions and behaviors, and the ideas wherein they stem from, the more control they will garner over their lives, as well as the more transformed their life will become.

    -Michael Thacker

  • Voluntary Exposure

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    Voluntary exposure to the unfamiliar not only helps an individual gather and adapt new information into their current knowledge structure, but also helps completely transform their perception, too. Confront the unknown willingly, and gather what is necessary to transform.

    -Michael Thacker

  • A Right Hemispheric Perception Of Reality According To Christ

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    ,

    A dual hemisphere brain is a common structure we all share as species on this little planet in the vast cosmos. And with such a structure, each hemisphere possesses it’s own unique functions that contribute to our overall perception of reality. The left’s functionality is tailored towards precision with a focus on the part of something rather than its whole, as well as the organization of current knowledge structures and the possessed “known” of the individual. The right hemisphere, though, is programmed quite differently with a “peripheral” aspect to its aim, and a focus on gathering new information to store into the left hemisphere, as well as a perception and analysis of the whole of something rather than just its parts.

    “and said, “Assuredly, I say to you, unless you are converted and become as little children, you will by no means enter the kingdom of heaven.”
    ‭‭Matthew‬ ‭18‬:‭3‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    This verse is often interpreted to means something along the lines of humility in its simplest form, and although this interpretation is useful and somewhat accurate, it does not appear to completely address its whole meaning. How? Although humility is a major prerequisite to accepting Christ, and later being implemented in a living manner according to a life after the Spirit, this characteristic alone does not properly address the whole of the context. What does this mean? In conjunction with other verses by Christ, as well as the apostles and Old Testament writings, and the concept embedded within the transformative process of the Christian life, humility alone is not what Christ is referencing to here, but rather something much more profound.

    “but grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To Him be the glory both now and forever. Amen.”
    ‭‭II Peter‬ ‭3‬:‭18‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    “The heart of the prudent acquires knowledge, And the ear of the wise seeks knowledge.”
    ‭‭Proverbs‬ ‭18‬:‭15‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    The “growth” and “acquisition” in both verses is that of knowledge, which again is acquired through the activation and usage of the right hemisphere of the brain. And this activation can only be accomplished through the encounter of new information and experiences with an open mind and willingness to learn, as well as the analysis of this newly encounter information and experience. With this right hemispheric activation also comes a greater understanding of the whole of some type of new information or experience rather than just it’s parts.

    The acquisition of knowledge through the process of learning new information is called “semantic memory,” while the process of experiences is called “episodic memory.” When both processes are combined, the end result is new synaptic connections and the development of new neural pathways within the brain. And what is fascinating about this unique process, biblically speaking, is that this same process is mandated by Christ for all His followers.

    “Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.”
    ‭‭Matthew‬ ‭11‬:‭29‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    “Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,”
    ‭‭Matthew‬ ‭28‬:‭19‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    In the first verse mentioned above, Christ tells His disciples to learn from Him, which is to say from His teachings and character. This message can be extended even further for us today to include the apostles, early church fathers, philosophers, sciences, etc. To sum up properly, we should seek the things of God (knowledge, wisdom, love, truth, etc.) by seeking to learn from His word and His creation itself. This exhortation is stated well when writing his letter to Timothy:

    “Till I come, give attention to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine. Meditate on these things; give yourself entirely to them, that your progress may be evident to all.”
    ‭‭I Timothy‬ ‭4‬:‭13‬, ‭15‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    Going back to the verses and sayings of Christ mentioned a moment ago, Matthew 28 in particular, we find Christ commanding His followers to go out into the world to preach the gospel to the lost world. This command is a process of episodic memory formation which involves experience.

    Essentially, Christ, as well as the Apostles, exhort believers to study, to learn new information (semantic memory), and then go out and preach what they have learned and come to understand. And with this conjunction of learning processes, believers should progress to greater heights of consciousness, which is akin to the idea of transformation, or becoming a new creation in Christ.

    As new synaptic connections between neurons form through these dual learning processes, our brains are gradually rewired overtime wherein the neural networks that are firing together throughout the learning processes grow greater connections between them, the ones that are not become dormant overtime. This process of dormancy among neural pathways is called neural pruning. Again, this type of pruning away of what is no longer needed or active can be found within John 15, wherein Christ speaks of the pruning branches in order for more fruit to bear.

    ““I am the true vine, and My Father is the vinedresser. Every branch in Me that does not bear fruit He takes away; and every branch that bears fruit He prunes, that it may bear more fruit.”
    ‭‭John‬ ‭15‬:‭1‬-‭2‬ ‭NKJV‬‬

    The more people learn, the more they change. Old behavioral patterns that are no longer needed or practiced become dormant overtime, and then are ultimately pruned away to make more room for new, more necessary neural networks to expand as we continue to learn new material and have new experiences. And this implementation of the dual learning processes not only rewire the brain and change behavior, but literary transforms the biological make up of an individual, too.

    This process of biological transformation is done through the activation of dormant genes found within the DNA of human cells. As an individual encounters novel information through either learning new material or by experiences, dormant genes within the DNA turn on and begin manufacturing new proteins that make up one’s body. Therefore, not only is someone simply changing their mind and behavior, but their bodies, too.

    This mind-body transformative process is what every Christian should be implementing into their daily schedule. Learning new things, and this includes those difficult to deal with topics that are outside the church; science, philosophy, art, etc. A child-like openness to novel information and experiences is the key. And the way in which someone can harness this child-like openness is by activating the right hemisphere by the process of learning new information and having new experiences in humility. The more someone learns and experiences, the greater the transformation that will result.

    -Michael Thacker

  • Pre-Tribulation Vs Post-Tribulation Rapture | The Truth Cast Show

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